DIFFERENCES BETWEEN KINEMATIC SYNERGIES AND MUSCLE SYNERGIES DURING TWO-DIGIT GRASPING

The large number of mechanical degrees of freedom of the hand is not fully exploited during actual movements such as grasping.Usually, angular movements in various joints tend to be coupled, and EMG activities in different hand muscles tend to be correlated.The occurrence of covariation in the former was termed kinematic synergies, in the latter mu

A total of six abnormal embryos of shark species, five blue shark, Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758), and one school shark, Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758), are herewith reported from the Canary Islands (eastern central Atlantic).Two P.glauca Playing Cards embryos showed two totally separated heads on one trunk (bicephalism), while the other thr